THE MAKING - FOOTNOTES

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Chapter I - Night

  • Excerpt from “Night” – a poem by Alcman from seventh century B.C, keywords: Alcman, night, seventh century
  • Mystic travel or Waking dreams – pagans believed certain blessed individuals could experience insightful out of body experiences usually performed during a ritual, keywords: Druid, "waking dream" refined keywords: Astral projection
  • Fen-sucked – Fen refers to a bog. The insult indicates the person is stupid enough to drink fouled bog water and reek of the stench. keywords: fen-sucked
  • Saxons – The continental Saxons were the tribal ancestors of what eventually became Northern Germany and southern Denmark, keywords: continental Saxons
  • Mead – an alcoholic drink popular in this time period made of fermented honey, keywords: mead, Germanic tribes, Druid, refined keywords: mead, recipe
  • Thegn – Saxon Warlord, usually of noble birth, keywords: Thegn, Saxon
  • Jackanapes – similar to what we now call a “Benedict Arnold”; a conceited, self centered, traitor
  • Saxon Eolderman – an overlord of a particular Saxon territory, comparable to a duke, keywords: Bede, Old Saxons had no king
  • Heritogo – a temporary King elected by fellow Saxon Eoldermen usually during times of battle
  • Trophies of Saxon foes – There is evidence the Germanic tribes venerated the heads of their enemies and kept some as trophies, keywords: headhunting, Germanic tribes
  • Horned God Cernunnos (Kurn-un-os) - a Celtic god later depicted as how some today envision Satan. With horns of a stag, he was a god of the underworld, reincarnation, as well as the god of plenty and the forest, keywords: Cernunnos, Satan
  • Bog Sacrifice - Some Pagan rituals of our Celtic ancestors included sacrifices of humans sunk into bogs, keywords: Cernunnos, sacrifice, bog
  • Scut – stinking pile of excrement
  • Fealty – loyalty and military support promised to an Overlord
  • Goddess Ertha - the Roman Historian, Tacticus 14 A.D. - 70 A.D, indicates in his texts that all the Germanic tribes worship a common goddess, Ertha, or Mother Earth, keywords: Tacitus, Germanic tribes, Ertha
  • Auroch – a fierce wild bison hunted to extinction during medieval times. The horns were used for sounding and drink. Drinking from the horn was believed to transfer the essence of powerful animal, keywords: Auroch, kings
  • Bard – story teller, keywords: bard, Druid, Germanic tribes
  • Frisians – Germanic tribal ancestors of what eventually became the Netherlands
  • Norseman – tribal ancestors of what is now Sweden, keywords: Frisians, Norse, Jutes
  • Jutes – one of the Germanic tribal ancestors of which is now Denmark
  • Abyss – the Germanic tribes believed in reincarnation. The abyss was considered the expanse between ones current life and ones next, keywords: Druid, abyss, crone
  • Curse – keywords: curse, Druid, Germanic tribes
  • Airbe druad - a Druid spell to protect and repel any unwelcome presence, keywords: airbe druad
  • Druid initiates – Students spent some twenty years in study. Teachings were purposely not inscribed although many Druid were literate in more than one language, keywords: Druid, initiates

Chapter II - The Universal Aim

  • Excerpt from “The Universal Aim” – a poem by Boethius 524 AD, keywords: Boethius, The Universal Aim
  • Sun God Lugh – a Pagan God of many talents, keywords: Sun God Lugh, Druid, Germanic tribes
  • Divination – foretelling the present or future, keywords: divination, Druid, Germanic tribes
  • Ban-Drui - female Drui priestess, keywords: ban-Drui
  • Arch Drui - recognized Druid leader, kind of like an Arch Bishop, keywords: Arch Druid , Germanic tribes
  • roe Deer – Small European deer who bark when startled, keywords: roe Deer, bark, Europe
  • Celtic knots – complex geometric patterns used heavily in decorations by the Celts. Typically a single line appears interlaced and given is connected, has no beginning and no end. Although most were abstract, some took the form of a hound, a snake, or an eagle. These knots represented ones’ spiritual journey through many lives, keywords: Celtic knots, refined keywords: Celtic knots, Germanic tribes
  • Torc – a Celtic neck ring, keywords: torcs, Germanic tribes
  • Spirals- represented the goddess, spirit, cosmos, and the balance of ones inner consciousness with the outer self, keywords: Celtic knots, spirals
  • Scythe – gilded gold or solid gold, a cutting tool used by the Druid for harvesting special herbs, keywords: gold scythe, Druid, tools.
  • Transformed – Pagans believed some individuals were gifted with the ability to shift ones shape, keywords: Druid, shapeshifting, Germanic tribes
  • Austrasia – Part of the Frankish kingdoms which bordered the Saxon Territories, keywords: Austrasia, Dagobert
  • Mead-hall – significant leaders were expected to provide great hall for warriors to gather and feast, keywords: mead-hall, Germanic tribes, revelry
  • Ornate gold or gilded ornaments inlaid with precious stones were very vogue in this time period. Noted metal work artisans were highly valued, keywords: Frankish Kingdom, museum
  • Gold bees – a talisman of the Merovingian line, keywords: Merovingian, gold bees
  • Magnates – dux, counts, lords with fealty to the King
  • Merovingian Blood – Line of Kings who ruled over the Germanic tribes after the fall of the Roman Empire, keywords: Merovingian, patrimony
  • Neustria - Bordered Austrasia, part of what is now north western France from the Aquitaine to the English Channel, keywords: Neustria, Clothar II
  • Saint Denis – In 250AD he was one of the first Catholic Bishops among the Gauls and was beheaded. King Dagobert’s favorite Saint, keywords: Dagobert, Denis
  • Catulliacus - Ancient Name for the roadway Saint Denis was martyred upon. The namesake was for a woman called Catulla who rescued the remains of he and two other martyrs, secretly burying them atop the hill, keywords: Catulliacus, Denis
  • Benedictine – a non-centralized Monastoic order that followed the rules set down by Saint Benedict, keywords: the Benedictine order, medieval
  • Retaliation – historically Merovingians were quite barbaric in eliminating family members whom they deemed challenged their authority, keywords: Merovingian, patricide
  • Ichthus – a fish symbol used by very early Christians who worshiped in secret
  • Chi-rho –also called a christogram. It is the super imposed Greek letters of chi (Χ) and rho (Ρ), the first two letters of Christ’s name in Greek. An ancient Christian symbol, keywords: ichthus, chi-rho
  • Impotent – Historical texts refer to potions that could be used to temporarily render a man impotent, keywords: impotent, medieval, potion
  • Maior domus - The mayor of the palace administered each of the palaces and surrounding territories for the King. Typically a chief advisor, in some cases he ruled for the King who acted a mere figurehead. Sometimes there was only one maior domus, keywords: maior domus, Merovingian
  • Regency – when a King took the throne as a child, a noble was designated to assist in decisions until he reached an appropriate age, keywords: regency, Merovingian
  • Woven Plaid Cloaks – the early Germanic tribes, enjoyed brightly woven cloth with complex patterns, keywords: Saxons, woven plaid cloak
  • Salic law - Frankish Salian law was combined with former Roman law into the earliest Salic law. One part of it called for restitution if a woman was forced into marriage or assaulted sexually, keywords: Salian law, Salic law, Roman law
  • Saint Stephen – died as a martyr in Jerusalem AD 35. An Oratory (small structure) in Metz where some of his relics were housed was said to be the only structure standing when the city was burned to the ground by the Huns. An early Name-sake Christian church was built upon the place, keywords: Saint Stephen , Metz
  • Salian Law – Early laws established by the Salian Franks stipulating what restitution must be paid when a law was broken.
  • Tribute and tithe – moneys paid to an Overlord to show fealty or to buy peace. Sort of an agreement that they would not be attacked by the Overlord, keywords: tribute, Saxons, franks, tithe, Fisc
  • Morgengabe - a gift to a woman by her husband upon marriage as her personal property, keywords: morgengabe, Germanic tribes
  • Civitates - a city and surrounding lands, keywords: civitates, Frankish kingdom
  • Healing Arts – the knowledge of herbs and a variety of healing techniques, some of which are still used today, keywords: healing arts, Druid, Germanic tribes
  • Fertility – birth control was practiced throughout ancient history, although outlawed by a number of different patriarchal societies, such as the Romans and the Christian Church, keywords: medieval, birth control, midwives

Chapter III - Boethius' Complaint

  • Excerpt from “Boethius' Complaint” – a poem by Boethius in 524 AD, keywords: Boethius’ Complaint, the Consolation of Philosophy
  • Authaire – Courtier for King Dagobert and Ouen’s father, keywords: Authaire
  • Nine Men’s Morris – a board game of strategy played from about 1440 BC, through medieval times, and still today, keywords: Nine Men’s Morris, Germanic tribes
  • Slave Market – Slaves were still common in this time period, keywords: Slaves, Eligius, Germanic tribes
  • Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius – a sixth century highly educated Roman Philosopher who interacted with early Germanic kings, keywords: Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, Germanic tribes
  • Ostrogoths – an eastern Germanic tribal King, Theodoric, reigned over a combined Rome and Gothic Kingdom at the fall of the Roman Empire, keywords: Theodoric, Boethius
  • Bondsman – A person who owed a debt which could not be paid, could be put into hard-labor for the creditor until the debt was satisfied. Sometimes family members would be put up for the debt, keywords: bondsman, medieval, debtor, franks, servitude
  • Fisc – taxes obtained from subjects or subservient neighboring Kingdoms, keywords: Fisc, Germanic tribes
  • Bath - Celts liked to be clean. They also liked to remove body hair. There were plenty of roman villas and bathhouses still around, keywords: soap, Germanic tribes
  • Cookies – to our ancient Germanic ancestors, even cookies carried meaning, keywords: cookies, Germanic tribes
  • Dux – later became the word “Duke”. A noble who owned more than one estate. Dux often ruled over more than one Civitate or city. They usually led Lords in battle for the King. They also gathered taxes for themselves and for the King’s counts, keywords: dux, Germanic tribes, franks
  • Literacy - Nobles who wished to be literate had access to manuscripts and tutors from the former Roman Empire as well as Scotia. Many clerics were highly educated before becoming missionaries, keywords: Boethius, Pythagoras, Ptolemy, medieval study
  • Scriptorias – Early libraries where manuscripts where kept and reproduced; mostly in monasteries or the homes of wealthy families, keywords: scriptoria, medieval, what is, refined keywords: codex, rolls and wax tablets
  • Lyre – a three to eight stringed instrument plucked with the fingers. Pythagoras is said to have invented the eight stringed lyre and chromatic scale in 500BC, although ancient Egyptian pictographs display stringed harps of many types, keywords: Pythagoras, lyre, music
  • Celtic Women Self Defense – keywords: "Germanic tribes", Celts, women warriors
  • Harmonic - By pressing exactly in the middle of a string with the wrist and plucking the string, one can achieve what is called a “harmonic”, a sound one octave higher. This and other music theory was integrated with mathematics and astronomy as the basis of a religious cult by Pythagoras, keywords: Pythagoras, lyre, harmonic
  • Count – during this time period, usually a learned man but not necessarily a noble, counts kept track of money’s owed and paid to royal treasury
  • Glamour spell – considered to be kind of like a mirage combined with hypnotism, keywords: glamour spell, Druid, Germanic tribes

Chapter IV - The Unreasonableness of Hatred

  • Excerpt from “The Unreasonableness of Hatred” – a poem by Boethius 524 AD, keywords: Boethius, the unreasonableness of hatred
  • Domnonia – a Kingdom on the peninsula of Brittany, part of the coast of what is now France, keywords: Domnonia, Frankish kingdoms, refined keywords: King Haeloc
  • Visigoths - The Germanic tribe of the Visigoths which is now Spain, keywords: Visigoths, Frankish kingdoms
  • Armorica – Originally defined by Rome of what is now Brittany on the coast of France. The name comes from the germanic term Aremorica which means place by the sea, keywords: Armorica
  • Tithe – comes from the ancient Germanic word, tehuntha, meaning a “tenth”. Churches expected all people to donate a tenth of their earnings. Monarchs and magnates also collected tithe as a tax, keywords: tithe, Germanic tribes, taxes
  • Abbey at St. Meven – Founded in Brittaney by Saint Mevenus of Wales who evangelized the Brocéliande area, Judicaël’s homelands, keywords: Saint Mevenus

Chapter V - Fortune's Malice

Chapter VI - The Upward Look

  • Excerpt from “The upward look” – a poem by Boethius 524 AD, keywords: Boethius, the upward look
  • Scotti - what the Irish use to be called, keywords: Scotti, Ireland, Druid
  • The Isle of Man - a small island between what is now known as Britain and Ireland, keywords: Isle of Man, Druid
  • Mannanan-Beg-Mac-y-Leir – famous historical mystic from the Isle of Man, keywords: Manannan, Isle of Man
  • Tuatha De Danann – legendary ancients who arrived at Scotia with magical skills. Noted for their red hair, beauty, wisdom, and stature, keywords: Tuatha De Danann, Isle of Man
  • Loaghtyn - Manx sheep which still exist on the Isle of Man today, growing from four to six horns, keywords: Isle of Man, Loaghtyn Sheep
  • Enormous deer - Huge prehistoric Irish elk remains have been found on the isle of Man. The antlers alone were up to 13 feet from tip to tip, keywords: Isle of Man, Irish elk
  • Council Gatherings - The Germanic tribes typically would assemble in the spring, summer or harvest. There would be games, feasting, trading, contests, general celebration, business transactions and treaties. The Druid would assemble during this festive time and assist in settling disputes, keywords: council of the Gauls, Druid, refined keywords: "continental Saxons", gathering, medieval
  • Bedouin mare – female Arabian horses, keywords: Arabian Horse
  • Bedouins – desert nomads, keywords: Bedouins
  • Seglawi of Ibn Jedran – a famous Arabian mare of great prestige whose progeny was sought after by Bedouin Kings, keywords: Seglawi of Ibn Jedran
  • Fleur-de-lis – carried on the Banner of the Franks, it was believed to represent a lily given to King Clovis I on the day of his baptism, keywords: Fleur-de-lis, franks
  • Ruhr River – a tributary to the Rhine. A Significant border of Saxon territories, keywords: Rhine, Saxons, Paderborn, Ruhr, refined keywords: Germanic tribes, Ruhr
  • Walk on water – Jesus is documented as having walked on the surface of water at the Sea of Galilee, keywords: Sea of Galilee, walk on water
  • Golden Eagle – Symbol of spirituality at all levels for the Druid, keyword: Celts, golden eagle, Druid, meaning
  • Salmon of Knowledge – keywords: salmon of knowledge, Druid, symbol
  • Fionn mac Cumhail – legendary Irish Hero mentored and raised by Druid, keywords: Fionn mac Cumhail
  • Wisdom Tooth – Irish legend of why it is called this, keywords: "wisdom tooth", Fianna
  • Amergin – a Druid and warrior, possibly from a Germanic tribe, that came to Ireland after the Tuatha De Danann, keywords: 'Song of Amergin', eagle

Chapter VII - The Soul's Flight

Chapter VIII - The Thorns of Error

  • Excerpt from “The thorns of Error” – poem by Boethius 524 AD, keywords: Boethius, the thorns of error
  • Bretons – not to be confused with the English. These are the people of the Continental Peninsula which is now Brittany on the coast of France, keywords: Bretons

Chapter IX - An Erechite's Lament

  • Excerpt from “An Erechite’s Lament” – ancient poem, author unknown, keywords: Erechite, what is
  • Gomatrud – The first wife of King Dagobert I, set aside for infertility, keywords: Gomatrud, Dagobert
  • Ragnetrude – History is confused on whether she was a wife or consort of Dagobert I. As mother of King Sigibert III, she was his “wife” after Gomatrud, keywords: Ragnetrude, Dagobert

Chapter X - A Decent into the Underworld

  • Excerpt from “A Decent into the Underworld” – author unknown, from ancient Acadian-Babylonian and Assyrian literature, keywords: decent into the underworld, poem, ancient, Irkalla
  • Eostremonath – the month of Eostre, the goddess of spring. This celebration evolved into Easter and merged with celebration of the resurrection of Christ, keywords: Eostre, Germanic, rabbit

    ...CONTINUED IN THE NOVEL...